Cyanex 302 came out of the growing need to find smarter ways to separate and recover metals from tough mixtures. In the late 20th century, the world’s appetite for metals was surging, and technology was pushing the boundaries of what older extraction methods could handle. Researchers were seeking selective extractants that could latch onto specific metals in complicated ore or waste streams. Cyanex 302 appeared just in time for chemists and metallurgists who wanted better results without the mess and inefficiency of traditional solvent extraction chemicals. Developed by chemists at what was once Cyanamid Canada, the compound transformed how copper, nickel, and the rare earth sector approached hydrometallurgy. Mining operations in Canada, South Africa, and China joined in, giving the chemical a real place in the industry before the 1990s ran their course.
Cyanex 302 often goes by the name bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)dithiophosphinic acid. The product’s oily, amber appearance and fairly strong odor make it easy to pick out in a lab. Refineries, electronics recyclers, and battery makers — all places that value uniquely precise reagents — have consistently called for Cyanex 302 because of the way it grabs hold of soft metals in water-based extraction systems. No other dithiophosphinic acid extractant shows this particular balance between selectivity, strength, and manageable handling. For those looking past industrial chemistry, this compound means researchers get one more shot at pushing the boundaries of element recovery and recycling.
Most anyone who’s worked with Cyanex 302 knows its hefty molecular weight of about 418 g/mol, lightly viscous feel, and moderate solubility in organic solvents like kerosene and toluene. Its melting point often falls below room temperature, and it stays chemically stable across a wide operating range. Show it to strong acids, and it remains unchanged, but it starts to break down if you relentlessly pump in oxidizers. No one likes handling a potent compound that quickly turns hazardous, so the product’s robust profile keeps it a favorite for field pilots and big plants alike. Chemically, this dithiophosphinic acid’s acidic hydrogen atoms allow it to bind deftly with transition metals, especially softer ions like copper(I), cadmium, and the noble metals. Its sulfur-rich character shapes the unique binding ability that created a stir among extractive metallurgists looking for alternatives to overused phosphoric acid-based products.
Most industrial shipments of Cyanex 302 carry a purity rating of above 95%. The chemical arrives as a liquid, typically stored in high-density polyethylene drums that help shield it from excessive sunlight and oxidation. Regulatory safety data sheets underline a flash point near 150°C, and suppliers stress the use of nitrile gloves and splash protection when decanting or blending the acid. Proper labeling always uses its IUPAC or trade names, but sometimes shipments get tagged bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)dithiophosphinic acid for stricter customs routes. Chemists often note its refractive index or density in the lab, which helps when blending for exacting extraction columns. As with any industrial chemical, shipping it across borders means buyers and sellers track REACH and TSCA compliance closely to avoid costly delays or environmental blunders.
The road from lab-scale to commercial Cyanex 302 starts with the careful alkylation of phosphorus trichloride using 2,4,4-trimethylpentanol. Chemists use this step to set the right backbone for the molecule. The resulting intermediate is then treated with elemental sulfur under controlled conditions — often in reactors with temperature and pressure feedback for safety and consistency. Purification steps strip out leftover alcohols and side products, with final distillation tightening the product spec. This isn’t a casual, open-lab process. Strict controls and well-sealed glassware or reactors keep fumes in check. Refinement at scale feels like more of an art than a science — those subtle differences in raw material quality or batch timing can dramatically change yield or downstream performance.
Cyanex 302’s sulfur-rich acid group drives its signature behavior. It reacts with metal cations in solution to form neutral complexes, especially with copper, nickel, cadmium, and even gold in some conditions. These complexes transfer out of the aqueous phase and into the organic phase during the extraction, giving users real leverage on otherwise troublesome metal mixtures. One downside is the occasional oxidative degradation, usually if the operator gets careless with air or leaves the chemical out in light. Over the years, researchers in metallurgical institutes have developed analogues of Cyanex 302 with longer chains or subtle tweaks that improve selectivity or resistance to breakdown. These modifications matter in regions where local ores throw new challenges at standard chemistry. Some teams even dope the main reagent with anti-oxidants to squeeze out extra life between regeneration cycles. At its core, Cyanex 302’s reactivity stands as a springboard for innovation in separation chemistry and value recovery.
Over its commercial life, Cyanex 302 has picked up quite a few alternative handles, reflecting its broad usage and distribution. Most chemical catalogs in the Americas simply call it Cyanex 302, but in technical literature, the term “bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)dithiophosphinic acid” dominates. Some European distributors list it as DTPA-302 for simplicity, and Chinese suppliers often use translations of the systematic name. Across the mining and hydrometallurgical world, the product’s basic descriptor — dithiophosphinic acid extractant — shows up in R&D reports and regulatory filings. Chemists stick with the trade or official IUPAC name for clarity during auditing or compliance checks.
Taking safety seriously around Cyanex 302 keeps the workplace free from trouble. Its strong odor and tendency to irritate skin or eyes make personal protection a no-brainer. Most facilities maintain decontamination showers nearby and keep ventilated storage rooms. In my experience, advanced gloves and well-fitted goggles go a long way in boosting operator confidence. Occupational limits set in Canadian, European, and US standards underscore the need to minimize inhalation and skin exposure, especially for teams handling drum refills or accidental spills. Responsible operators train staff in proper handling and waste disposal because local water tables and air quality can take a hit from careless management. Site safety audits emphasize spill kits with absorbents and lime, since leaks can corrode floors or damage nearby sensors and electricals. Even the most seasoned handlers respect the compound’s effects — accidental splashes send workers straight to medical evaluation. Plant managers who develop a strong safety focus consistently cut incident rates and keep their licenses intact.
Cyanex 302 dominates in metallurgy, especially in separation steps for copper, nickel, cobalt, cadmium, and rare earth metals. Mining firms rely on its selectivity to extract valuable metals from ore leachates, often where older reagents fell short. In battery recycling, the lure of recovering lithium, cobalt, and nickel from black mass streams gets a big lift from Cyanex 302’s extractive power. Electronic waste processing, which is surging with the global push for sustainability, leans heavily on this chemical to pull precious elements out of shredded circuit boards. In research labs, the compound powers new work in trace metal recovery from environmental samples — groundwater, mine tailings, and even seawater. The agriculture industry even dabbles with it for micronutrient refining, showing that application keeps stretching alongside technology’s demands.
Research teams at universities and government labs treat Cyanex 302 as a starting point for new methods that need high selectivity and reliabilty. Papers from the past decade span quantum chemical modeling, field pilot studies, and real-world scale-up efforts. The main goal often boils down to getting more value from less raw material — and keeping costs and emissions in check. Computational chemists call out the unique electronic landscape the sulfur atoms shape, which directly relates to the surprising selectivity for certain elements. Others probe ways to graft Cyanex 302 onto solid supports, making it easier to recover and recycle. In battery recycling, researchers push for ways to reclaim cobalt and nickel without the safety and environmental baggage of more aggressive acids. Environmental teams grit their teeth over removal of toxic metals like arsenic or mercury from water, where Cyanex 302 shows hints of promise but also clear limits based on real water chemistry. The ongoing pace of published studies speaks to the molecule’s versatility and to the curiosity that keeps pushing science into new frontiers.
Toxicology studies on Cyanex 302 haven’t flagged it as one of the worst industrial offenders, but it still poses measurable risks to humans and aquatic systems. The acid’s ability to disrupt cell membranes in the skin explains the classic irritation symptoms in workers. Chronic exposure in lab animals points to risk for liver and kidney stress, so environmental and public health teams keep a close eye on disposal and emissions. Regulatory filings in North America mandate tight controls on effluent streams and solid waste that could carry traces of dithiophosphinic acids. Bioaccumulation seems unlikely given the compound’s breakdown in sunlight and alkaline conditions, but chemists in the 2020s are running more detailed trace studies. Real-world spill scenarios during transport and on-site blending show that rapid neutralization with lime reduces acute risk, but the specter of long-term ecosystem impact lingers. The smartest labs and operators substitute mechanical handling and automated pumping wherever possible — less time in contact means fewer chances for trouble.
Growing demand for clean technology, efficient recycling, and metals needed for electrification drives interest in every tool that can boost yield or cut waste. Cyanex 302 stands on solid ground, but scientists and industry leaders keep searching for greener, safer, and more effective replacements or modifications. Ongoing studies point toward versions with faster phase disengagement, lower toxicity, and improved recyclability. Digital sensors and process automation make it easier to monitor and fine-tune extraction in real time. Some chemical engineers engineer hybrid approaches, pairing Cyanex 302 with resins, membranes, or bio-based ligands to tackle new frontier ores or urban mining challenges. Policy shifts and pushback from communities near extraction sites add urgency to making extraction more transparent and less hazardous. In the race to power the next generation of batteries, wind turbines, and EVs, Cyanex 302’s story tells us much about science’s effort to balance human need, economic survival, and responsibility to the planet.
Cyanex 302 sounds like something straight out of a chemistry textbook, and there’s truth in that. It’s a powerful organophosphorus compound that people in the mining industry use almost every day. My time spent working with industrial chemists taught me a simple fact: without the right extractants, modern electronics and batteries would just not exist as they do—especially when it comes to metals like nickel, cobalt, and zinc.
In recent years, electric vehicles, solar panels, and smartphones have all driven demand for certain metals through the roof. Graphite and lithium usually get the flashy headlines, but elements like cobalt, nickel, and cadmium quietly make these technologies tick. The real problem isn’t finding the ore; it’s pulling out the right element without wasting time, money, or generating toxic byproducts. Here’s where Cyanex 302 does heavy lifting.
People on the ground at hydrometallurgy plants use Cyanex 302 to selectively extract valuable metals from complex mixtures. This organophosphorus extractant targets soft, heavy metals—think cadmium, cobalt, and nickel—even in the presence of “noise” like iron or manganese. Using less precise extractants leads to tons of waste and forces refineries to run costly extra steps.
A 2021 report from the International Journal of Mineral Processing noted that Cyanex 302 improves cobalt-nickel separation by over 90 percent, especially when plant operators fine-tune pH control. The EU’s Critical Raw Materials Act calls out extracting cobalt and nickel as a top priority, and skilled operators rely on Cyanex 302 to do the job better than most alternatives.
Let’s acknowledge a real downside. No chemical magic comes without a cost. Cyanex 302 itself isn’t especially toxic in small amounts, but its use requires good handling practices. Workers familiar with extraction plants know acid runoff, solvent loss, and contaminated water present a huge risk. This isn’t just speculation—a 2017 study found trace residues in the tailings at certain Asian plants using Cyanex 302, raising eyebrows among locals who depend on the water supply.
The industry response has been to tighten up recycling systems on-site. Many facilities now invest in solvent recovery units to capture nearly all the extractant, cutting both expense and leakage risk. By focusing on process improvement rather than just swapping chemicals, plants can lower their environmental footprint. In my conversations with environmental safety officers, the consensus has always been clear: strong oversight and continuous monitoring keep communities safe while keeping production costs under control.
So how do we strike a balance between industrial needs and environmental responsibility? It’s not just about using Cyanex 302 but using it smartly. Closed-loop systems and real-time monitoring offer clear solutions. Plants that audit their emissions data and invest in operator training tend to avoid most major accidents. Partnering up with researchers at local universities can lead to custom-tailored extraction schemes that work with lower concentrations and fewer harmful byproducts.
For anyone working in metals extraction, holding suppliers and plant managers accountable is the gold standard. By asking tough questions about chemical sourcing, purification standards, or waste disposal methods, workers and local communities can nudge the industry in a safer and more sustainable direction. Cyanex 302 won’t disappear from hydrometallurgy operations anytime soon, but with the right approach, its benefits can keep flowing without leaving a toxic trail.
Anyone who’s ventured into the world of metal extraction will run across Cyanex 302 sooner or later. It falls into the class of organophosphorus compounds and has carved a niche for itself because of how reliably it pulls valuable metals from complex mixtures.
Cyanex 302 goes by the systematic name bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) dithiophosphinic acid. That mouthful boils down to a molecule with a phosphorus atom bonded to two sulfur atoms and, on the other side, two long hydrocarbon chains. Chemists often write its molecular formula as C16H35PS2H. Those two isooctyl groups, loaded with methyl branches, let the compound stay in organic solutions and interact with metal ions at oil-water boundaries.
In any real-life industrial context, the structure means Cyanex 302 is highly selective. That sulfur connection is the workhorse, locking strongly onto soft metals such as copper, nickel, or cobalt. It’s a classic example of the hard and soft acids and bases rule; “soft” metals gravitate toward soft sulfur donors.
A lot of old-school solvent extraction used oxygen donor molecules, but they can’t compete with Cyanex 302 when you need to separate metals that behave alike in solution. For example, separating cobalt from nickel—normally a nightmare—becomes far more manageable. Pilot plants and large-scale refineries favor this approach because the chemistry actually translates into lower costs and improved yields.
Chemicals like this don’t just exist in some isolated laboratory context. In the past decade, Cyanex 302 found its way into processes pulling precious metals from mining streams, remediating electronic waste, and reclaiming metals from industrial scrap. I’ve seen engineers use it to reach extremely low concentrations that weren’t possible using only physical filtration.
Researchers from places like the US Geological Survey and European industrial labs have published studies showing recovery rates hitting 95% or better with the right conditions. Once the solution meets Cyanex 302, the target metals can be stripped out and the remaining waste is cleaner, which matters for both the environment and industry profits.
There’s always a responsibility to look at the downsides. Like many industrial compounds, improper use or careless disposal carries risk. Handling Cyanex 302 takes proper gloves, good ventilation, and a clear plan for cleanup. Chemical spills don’t just harm workers—they can leach into waterways and disrupt ecosystems. The EPA and European REACH registry both track this chemical, and updates to safety guidance remain important as use grows.
Better stewardship means looking at how much escapes into effluent and adopting recycling strategies, not just raw extraction. Closed-loop systems and secondary containment help limit accidents. Companies investing in greener chemistry, including ways to recover and purify Cyanex 302 itself, will outlast the rest.
Many in the industry share the belief that getting the most from every ounce of material improves both the bottom line and the world around us. Cyanex 302, with its unique blend of organic chemistry and practical utility, delivers measurable results. The chemical composition makes it valuable, but knowledge and responsible practice turn it into something sustainable.
Folks who work in mining or metallurgy appreciate a tool that really separates the valuable from the worthless. Cyanex 302, a phosphorus-based extractant, delivers just that when the job is to grab metals like cobalt, nickel, or copper out of complex mixtures. Walk into any hydrometallurgical plant focused on high purity metals, and you’ll probably hear Cyanex 302 mentioned around the coffee stations—not just in the labs, but among the people responsible for production schedules and environmental compliance.
Collectors of metal are always searching for ways to boost yield and quality, without the constant headaches of handling hazardous or stubborn chemicals. Cyanex 302 has built up a reputation for easily separating metals that stubbornly stick together in other processes. For example, folks attempting to extract cobalt from nickel ores know that these two metals almost refuse to part company using older methods. With Cyanex 302, the process takes a turn. The key lies in the sulfur atom within its chemical structure, which shows a kind of selective “affinity” for softer metal ions. This property allows Cyanex 302 to latch more onto cobalt while mostly ignoring nickel, leaving plants with purer product and higher profits.
Resource extraction is more than just digging things up and shipping them out. As countries tighten rules around environmental safety and resource management, the cost of failure rises. Cyanex 302 helps companies avoid wasteful or toxic processing steps common in older solvent extraction routes, such as those involving ammonia or high levels of caustic soda. The result: less sludge, fewer emissions, and safer work environments. Reports show plants cutting waste streams by over 25% after making the switch, which tracks with experiences of engineers I’ve spoken to in both Australia and Canada.
At the chemical level, Cyanex 302 acts as a ligand—a kind of molecular “magnet” that picks up target metal ions dissolved in acidic liquors. The metal-extractant complexes then shift into an organic phase, leaving other elements like iron or magnesium behind. After this transfer, further steps recover the metal from Cyanex 302 and recycle the extractant for continued use. The system demands tight pH control and mixing, but the resulting boost in selectivity means less wasted product and a shorter path to market-ready metals.
Of course, no process walks into a plant perfectly. Cyanex 302 has its share of quirks—it can form third phases if conditions aren’t just right, or degrade under persistent exposure to high acidity. Operators deal with these issues by tuning temperature controls and handling schedules to keep the extractant clean and effective. Research teams at universities have suggested promising tweaks to the process, like adjusting solvent mixtures or integrating Cyanex 302 with resins for continuous extraction cells. These ideas show up more often in patents and research projects these days, reflecting how expert users constantly push the process toward higher productivity and better environmental track records.
As battery storage and renewable energy systems drive demand for specialty metals, extractants like Cyanex 302 will take a bigger role in ensuring we can get those metals without wrecking land and water. More training for plant operators and better shared best practices stand out as the most practical way forward. Ongoing collaboration—between mining engineers, chemists, and regulators—keeps improving the process, aiming for cleaner streams and more valuable metals every step of the way.
Cyanex 302 does a heavy, specific job in mining and metallurgy, pulling out certain metals with a precision that technicians rely on every day. But safety comes first, no matter how familiar a chemical might feel in the plant or on the bench. Everyone who works around extraction solvents knows the feeling: take a shortcut, even once, and that’s when accidents come calling. Cyanex 302 belongs to the group of organophosphorus compounds, and there’s no quick fix if exposure goes wrong — so careful storage and handling habits really matter.
Talking with plant operators and lab techs, one thing pops up again and again: skin and eye irritation from accidental splashes. Cyanex 302’s liquid form means it transfers easily from drum to hand to anything else. Breathing in vapors makes people cough. Anyone who’s ever cleaned up a minor spill with the wrong gloves remembers the sting or rash. MSDS sheets don’t lie: long-term or repeated skin contact can leave nasty effects, and if fire finds this solvent, the fumes are dangerous — not just unpleasant.
Anyone who’s spent time storing organophosphorus solvents learns early that cool, dry places beat warm corners near machinery every time. Heat and humidity push Cyanex 302 to degrade, and that just invites more risks and tricky waste management down the road. Keeping the drums away from strong acids, alkalis, or oxidizing chemicals keeps things stable. There’s no shortcut to a good sturdy drum; plastic might save cash today, but tightly sealed metal keeps vapors locked in and accidents out. Colored labels, with clear writing in any language the crew uses, help everyone know what’s in a drum — even late on a Friday.
Spill trays under the barrels are more than a ‘nice to have.’ Anyone in charge of cleaning understands: a single punctured drum can become a disaster if it leaks. Concrete doesn’t suck up solvents, but an oily film will still travel and linger, spreading problems through a workshop. Fire extinguishers — foam, dry powder, or CO2 — should be within reach, and every worker needs to know exactly where they are.
Even the calmest lab loses focus during rush periods. Splash goggles and nitrile gloves cost money, but exposure costs more. Using glass or stainless-steel transfer tools makes life easier; plastics sometimes get softened, leading to leaks. Good ventilation always means less exposure to fumes. The best facilities use fume hoods or filtered exhaust to cut indoor vapor levels.
Regular training stays essential. Anyone letting new workers get hands-on with Cyanex 302 without a safety walkthrough courts trouble. Stick to a routine where everyone checks for leaks, keeps seals tight, and reports odd smells right away. Keeping spill kits within reach — absorbent pads, neutralizing powders, and plenty of soap and water — keeps cleanups from turning ugly. Emergencies never wait for a manager to show up.
Cyanex 302 has value for industry and research, powering progress in a world hungry for metals. Any operation that respects its risks and treats storage and handling with care lowers the chance of downtime, injury, and mess. Relentless attention to detail today means operations run smoother tomorrow — and nobody gets sent home hurting.
Cyanex 302 is a chemical tool with a clear job: pulling certain metals from mixtures, especially in mining and recycling. Its power lies in how it locks onto metals like nickel, cobalt, and zinc. Because of this, workers in plants and research labs handle Cyanex 302 often. Industry relies on it for progress in energy tech and battery recycling. But in chasing cleaner technologies, the byproducts sometimes escape notice.
From a safety perspective, Cyanex 302 does not belong on open hands or near bare skin. The smell by itself signals something harsh. Touching it can cause the skin to sting or break out in rashes. Eyes burn and water if a droplet gets too close. Evidence shows that inhaling the fumes, even for a short time, brings on headaches or irritation of the lungs. Over a longer period, regular contact raises bigger doubts: the liver and kidneys might take a hit with enough exposure.
A big gap exists in the research. Some safety sheets stop short of full detail. Acute effects show up quickly, but scientists still investigate if Cyanex 302 can cause cancer or genetic problems. Precaution always trumps regret. Gloves, goggles, and mask are non-negotiable if you are anywhere near this stuff.
Cyanex 302 does not just vanish after use. Workers sometimes spill it, rain can wash away traces from spills, or waste streams carry it off. Nobody should assume it breaks down fast in rivers or soil. Unlike many natural materials, this molecule can stick around. The real worry comes when it lands in water bodies. Fish don’t handle Cyanex 302 well; the chemical messes up their systems, causing serious harm or death at moderate concentrations.
In plants, weak root growth and leaf trouble show up when Cyanex 302 lingers. Bugs living in the soil take a hit too. Over time, the food chain absorbs the blow. Birds eating exposed creatures may wind up with problems of their own. All of this points to the need for real restraint near ecological sites and water sources.
People sometimes forget the basic rule: don’t treat strong chemicals like household cleaners. If Cyanex 302 is around, lock it down. Use closed systems, tight storage, and spill barriers. Anyone discarding wastewater with Cyanex 302 inside should treat it with methods that destroy the chemical before it moves downstream. Simple filtration does not cut it; special oxidizers or heat treatments make more sense.
Some companies push for greener extraction chemicals, aiming for those that break down quickly or refuse to stick to living tissue. Switching takes effort but avoids legacy messes. In the meantime, sharing transparent toxicity data goes far in building trust with local communities and those working onsite. Up-to-date training prevents most mishaps before they start. Governments should audit disposal methods regularly, and penalties must match the real risk.
No single chemical solves every problem. Handling Cyanex 302 calls for careful respect—for the people at work and the world outdoors. Giving corners a pass hurts everyone in the long run.
| Names | |
| Preferred IUPAC name | bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) dithiophosphinic acid |
| Other names |
Bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) dithiophosphinic acid
Cyanex® 302 Cyanex 302 extractant |
| Pronunciation | /ˈsaɪ.ə.nɛks ˈθriː.oʊ.tuː/ |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | 133002-02-9 |
| Beilstein Reference | 1711594 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:131527 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL2105939 |
| ChemSpider | 74309 |
| DrugBank | DB11459 |
| ECHA InfoCard | 03c76e55-8e9d-4624-bd9d-46587aa4c611 |
| EC Number | [“262-967-7”] |
| Gmelin Reference | 84973 |
| KEGG | C05478 |
| MeSH | Cyanex 302 |
| PubChem CID | 3034413 |
| RTECS number | XN6476000 |
| UNII | 0W66G764SD |
| UN number | UN3077 |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C16H35PRS2 |
| Molar mass | 419.54 g/mol |
| Appearance | Amber liquid |
| Odor | Hydrogen sulfide odor |
| Density | 1.01 g/cm³ |
| Solubility in water | Insoluble |
| log P | 4.7 |
| Vapor pressure | <0.0013 mbar (20 °C) |
| Acidity (pKa) | 5.63 |
| Basicity (pKb) | 2.6 |
| Magnetic susceptibility (χ) | -34.0 × 10⁻⁶ cm³/mol |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.563 |
| Viscosity | 3.86 mPa·s |
| Dipole moment | 3.98 D |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std molar entropy (S⦵298) | 577.8 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹ |
| Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) | -8678 kJ/mol |
| Pharmacology | |
| ATC code | C01EB |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling | GHS02, GHS07, GHS08 |
| Pictograms | GHS05,GHS07,GHS08 |
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statements | H302, H315, H319, H411 |
| Precautionary statements | Precautionary statements of Cyanex 302: "P261, P273, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P312 |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | Health: 2, Flammability: 2, Instability: 0, Special: - |
| Flash point | > 97 °C |
| Autoignition temperature | 125 °C |
| Lethal dose or concentration | LD50 Oral - rat - > 2,000 mg/kg |
| LD50 (median dose) | > 3,000 mg/kg (rat, oral) |
| PEL (Permissible) | PEL (Permissible Exposure Limit) for Cyanex 302: Not established. |
| REL (Recommended) | 20 - 50°C |
| IDLH (Immediate danger) | IDLH not established |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds |
Cyanex 301
Cyanex 272 |
