Product Name: Trihexylphosphine
Chemical Formula: C18H39P
Synonyms: Tris(hexyl)phosphine
Recommended Use: Laboratory chemical, industrial applications
Manufacturer’s Details: Manufacturer’s address, contact number, email
Emergency Contact: CHEMTREC International, local authorities
CAS Number: 2551-22-8
UN Number: 3277
EC Number: 219-857-7
Classification: Flammable liquid, Acute toxicity oral (Category 3), Skin corrosion/irritation (Category 2), Aquatic chronic (Category 2)
GHS Label Elements: Danger, Toxic if swallowed, Causes skin irritation
Pictograms: Skull and crossbones, exclamation mark, aquatic environment
Hazard Statements: Highly flammable liquid and vapor, Harmful if swallowed, Causes skin and serious eye irritation, May cause respiratory irritation, Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
Precautionary Statements: Keep away from open flames, Wear eye protection, Avoid breathing vapors, Wash thoroughly after handling, Avoid release to the environment
Chemical: Trihexylphosphine
Concentration: >95% by weight
Impurities: Non-significant
Hazardous Components: Phosphine derivatives can contain trace amounts of phosphine gas
Inhalation: Remove to fresh air, monitor breathing, seek immediate medical advice
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, wash skin with soap and water for at least 15 minutes, consult a physician if irritation develops
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes cautiously with water for several minutes, remove contact lenses if present, continue rinsing, get medical attention
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting, seek immediate medical attention
Most Important Symptoms: Irritation, difficulty breathing, nausea, dizziness, gastrointestinal pain
Advice to Doctor: Treat symptomatically; monitor patient for respiratory distress and hypotension
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry powder, carbon dioxide, foam; avoid water jets
Specific Hazards: Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air, combustion creates toxic phosphorus oxides
Protective Equipment: Use full protective gear, self-contained breathing apparatus
Special Precautions: Approach from upwind, prevent runoff from entering waterways, cool containers exposed to fire with water spray
Decomposition Products: Hydrogen phosphide, carbon monoxide, phosphorus oxides
Personal Precautions: Evacuate area, eliminate ignition sources, ventilate space, use proper personal protective equipment such as gloves, goggles, and chemical-resistant clothing
Environmental Precautions: Prevent spillage from entering drains, sewers, water systems, and soil
Methods for Cleaning Up: Contain and absorb spilled material with inert dry material such as sand, sweep up and place in properly labeled containers, dispose of in accordance with local regulations, decontaminate area with diluted bleach if appropriate
Notification Procedures: Inform environmental authorities in case of major spillage
Safe Handling: Avoid inhalation of vapors and contact with skin or eyes, use only in well-ventilated areas, ground and bond containers when transferring, keep away from sparks and sources of static discharge, do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling
Storage Conditions: Store in tightly closed containers away from incompatible substances (strong oxidizers, acids, bases), protect from sunlight, store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, segregate from food and feedstuffs, store below 30°C for stability
Incompatibilities: Strong oxidizing agents, acids, bases, strong reducing agents
Exposure Limits: No ACGIH TLV or OSHA PEL for trihexylphosphine, minimize exposure as much as possible
Engineering Controls: Use chemical fume hood, local exhaust, mechanical ventilation
Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile or neoprene), safety goggles or face shield, flame-retardant lab coat, appropriate respiratory protection if ventilation is inadequate
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands and face after handling, do not wear contaminated clothing outside work area, launder contaminated clothing before reuse
Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid
Odor: Pungent, characteristic of phosphines
Odor Threshold: Not available
pH: Not applicable
Melting Point: -20°C (approximate)
Boiling Point: 132–136°C
Flash Point: 28°C (closed cup)
Evaporation Rate: Not determined
Flammability: Highly flammable liquid and vapor
Vapor Pressure: 0.17 mmHg at 25°C
Vapor Density: Heavier than air
Solubility: Insoluble in water, miscible with many organic solvents (ethers, hydrocarbons)
Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water): Not determined
Auto-Ignition Temperature: 210°C
Decomposition Temperature: Not determined
Viscosity: 5.2 mPa·s at 25°C
Reactivity: Reacts strongly with oxidizers
Chemical Stability: Stable under standard conditions in original sealed container
Stability Note: Sensitive to air and moisture; may decompose on exposure
Hazardous Reactions: Violent reactions with acids, oxidizers, halogens, releases toxic gases under fire conditions
Polymerization: No reported hazardous polymerization
Decomposition Products: Toxic phosphorus oxides, phosphine gas, possible carbon monoxide
Acute Toxicity: LD50 (oral, rat): ~45 mg/kg (very toxic by ingestion), LD50 (dermal, rabbit): data not available
Inhalation: May cause respiratory tract irritation, cough, headache, dizziness, nausea
Skin: Causes redness, irritation, burns on prolonged contact
Eyes: Severe irritation, watering, redness, corneal injury
Chronic Effects: Repeated exposure may affect liver, kidneys, and blood
Carcinogenicity: No data available, not classified as carcinogen by IARC, ACGIH, NTP or OSHA
Mutagenicity: No significant evidence from animal studies
Reproductive Toxicity: No data available
Target Organs: Liver, kidneys, respiratory tract
Toxicity to Aquatic Life: Highly toxic, LC50 (fish, 96 h): data not available; causes long-term adverse effects in aquatic environments
Persistence and Degradability: Not easily biodegradable, lingers substantially in soil and water
Bioaccumulative Potential: High potential for bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms
Mobility in Soil: Low water solubility, expected to adsorb strongly to soil
Other Adverse Effects: Can cause damage to aquatic organisms even at very low concentrations, do not release into the environment
Waste Treatment Methods: Combust in a chemical incinerator equipped with afterburner and scrubber, consult local, regional, and national regulations
Contaminated Packaging: Handle as chemical waste, triple rinse before disposal
Precautions: Wear appropriate PPE when handling waste, avoid inhalation and contact, do not dispose in general waste or drains
Uncleaned Containers: Dispose according to official regulations, containers should not be reused
UN Number: 3277
Proper Shipping Name: Trihexylphosphine
Transport Hazard Class: 6.1 (Toxic substances)
Packing Group: II
Marine Pollutant: Yes
Special Precautions for User: Avoid exposure, keep container tightly closed, properly label and document during transport
Transport Labels: Toxic, Flammable liquid, Marine pollutant
Labelling Requirements: Complies with OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200), EU REACH, and GHS
Regulations: Subject to SARA Title III, Section 313 reporting; listed under TSCA Inventory; not listed as a controlled substance but must comply with specific state and federal requirements
Risk Phrases: R10 (Flammable), R25 (Toxic if swallowed), R38 (Irritating to skin), R51/53 (Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment)
Safety Phrases: S16 (Keep away from sources of ignition), S36/37 (Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves), S61 (Avoid release to the environment)
Other Regulations: Comply with workplace exposure controls, store in accordance with major chemical safety protocols, report unintentional environmental releases as required
